Beech blocks are flat sections cut from a dense hardwood. Beech has a close structure with no pronounced growth rings, so it sands down to a crisp arris, holds its dimension and carries load even in a small section.
On a model it becomes structural bearers, frames for display bases, flooring, timber beams in a scene, and every part where a softer wood would either give way or dent under a fingernail. It is the species to use when accuracy of size matters more than low weight.
Cut hardwood with a fine-toothed saw, since a knife would tear the edge, and assemble joints on a flat surface, because beech will not bed down as the softer species do while the glue dries. Round sections in the same timber are under beech dowel, and lighter strip and plywood sit in the wooden profiles. For the joints themselves, a slow-setting PVA from the adhesives gives the time needed to square everything up.